by no means clear the guilty . Not even Christ, when our sins were imputed to Him: therefore, all now in Him are "cleared", Figure of speech Polyptoton ( App-6 ). Hebrew "clearing will not clear", emphasis on "by no means". unto the third and to the fourth generation. This refrain recurs in whole or in part in Ex. Exodus 20:5 . Compare also Numbers 14:18 . Deuteronomy 5:9 . Nehemiah 9:17 . Psalms 103:8 . Jeremiah 9:24 ; Jeremiah 30:11 ; Jeremiah 46:28 ; Daniel 9:4 .Nahum 1:3 . The visiting spread over in mercy, not extended in wrath.
images = sacred pillars. Compare Exodus 23:24 ; Exodus 24:4 , and note on Leviticus 26:1 .
groves = Hebrew. 'asherah. First occurrence out of forty: always rendered "groves", but denotes a phallic image, worshipped by libidinous rites and lascivious practices See. App-42 .
as . Some codices, with Samaritan Pentateuch, The Targum of Onkelos, The Targum of Jonathan ben Uzziel, Septuagint, Syriac, and Vulgate, read "according as".
redeem . Hebrew. padah. See note on Exodus 6:6 , and Exodus 13:13 .
appear before Me. This is an alteration (in pointing) made by the Sopherim to soften the Figure of speech Anthropopatheia ( App-6 ) of the primitive text, which was "see My face". See note on Exodus 23:15 , and compare the other passages where this change is made, viz. Exodus 34:20 , Exodus 34:23 , Exodus 34:24 .Deuteronomy 16:16 ; Deuteronomy 31:11 .Psalms 11:7 ; Psalms 17:15 ; Psalms 42:2 .Isaiah 1:12 ; Isaiah 38:1Isaiah 38:1 . In this, therefore, there is no contradiction of Exodus 33:20 .
Two episodes , concluding the ascents and descents preparatory to the other great event of this section (Exodus 15:22 - Exodus 40:38 ), viz. the setting up of the Tabernacle, and the command that none of the work was to be done on the Sabbath.
came down . Moses' sixth and last descent. Compare Exodus 19:3 .
wist not = knew not. Compare Moses: unconscious moral strength for testimony.
Samson : unconscious weakness for unfaithfulness (Judges 16:20 ).
Peter : unconscious deliverance for service (Acts 12:9 ).
shone = radiated, or was glorious, i.e. reflected as a mirror the Divine glory, see 2 Corinthians 3:7 ; and compare 1 Corinthians 15:41 .Revelation 18:1 .Matthew 17:2 .Acts 6:15 . The Vulgate mistook the Hebrew word karan = to radiate, for keren, a beam or horn of light (see Habakkuk 3:4 and note on the subscription to Psalms 21:0 ). Hence the traditional paintings of Moses with two horns.
while , &c. = through his having spoken with him. This interprets 1 John 3:2 . Compare Matthew 17:2 , and the "till " of Exodus 34:33 , and the "until" of Exodus 34:35 .
he took the vail off . And, when Israel turns thus to Jehovah, He will take the vail from their heart, as Moses did from his face, 2 Corinthians 3:16 . We, now, are "not as Moses", Exodus 34:13 .
again . So 2 Corinthians 3:13 . Greek = kept putting a vail on his face" (imperfect tense). They could not see "the end of the Law", which is Christ. Romans 10:4 .
Verse 1
And . Moses must have descended for the fifth time. See note on Exodus 19:3 .
the LORD . Hebrew. Jehovah . App-4 .
the LORD said . See note on Exodus 3:7 , and compare note on Exodus 6:10 .
Hew thee . Moses makes these second tables; Jehovah made the first. See on Exodus 31:18 .
write. See note on Exodus 17:14 and App-47 .
Verse 3
man . Heb, 'ish. See App-14 .
Verse 4
went up . Moses' sixth and last ascent. See note on Exodus 19:3 .
as = according as.
Verse 5
proclaimed. As promised in Exodus 33:19 .
Verse 6
GOD . Hebrew. EL See App-4 .
longsuffering = slow to anger.
goodness = lovingkindness, or grace.
truth = faithfulness.
Verse 7
mercy = lovingkindness, or grace.
forgiving = bearing away.
iniquity = perverseness. Hebrew. avah , App-44 .
transgression = rebellion. Heb, pasha. App-44 .
sin. Hebrew. chat'a. See App-44 .
by no means clear the guilty . Not even Christ, when our sins were imputed to Him: therefore, all now in Him are "cleared", Figure of speech Polyptoton ( App-6 ). Hebrew "clearing will not clear", emphasis on "by no means". unto the third and to the fourth generation. This refrain recurs in whole or in part in Ex. Exodus 20:5 . Compare also Numbers 14:18 . Deuteronomy 5:9 . Nehemiah 9:17 . Psalms 103:8 . Jeremiah 9:24 ; Jeremiah 30:11 ; Jeremiah 46:28 ; Daniel 9:4 .Nahum 1:3 . The visiting spread over in mercy, not extended in wrath.
Verse 8
worshipped . This is ever the effect of the manifestation of Jehovah in grace. Compare 2 Samuel 7:18 .
Verse 9
Lord . . . my Lord. Hebrew. Adonai, Adonai. But this is one of the 134 places where Jehovah was altered to Adonai by the Sopherim. See App-32 .
for , &c. The moment Jehovah speaks of grace, Moses turns the very charge of Jehovah, in Exodus 33:5 , . into a plea and ground for His presence.
Verse 10
He [Jehovah] said. See note on Exodus 3:7 , and Compare Exodus 6:10 .
Behold . Figure of speech Asterismos ( App-6 ) for emphasis.
covenant of marvels . This covenant finds its complete fulfilment in the Apocalypse.
Verse 12
it = they.
Verse 13
images = sacred pillars. Compare Exodus 23:24 ; Exodus 24:4 , and note on Leviticus 26:1 .
groves = Hebrew. 'asherah. First occurrence out of forty: always rendered "groves", but denotes a phallic image, worshipped by libidinous rites and lascivious practices See. App-42 .
Verse 14
is = "he [is]".
GOD = Hebrew El. App-4 .
Verse 15
sacrifice . Hebrew. zabah. App-43 .
Verse 18
as . Some codices, with Samaritan Pentateuch, The Targum of Onkelos, The Targum of Jonathan ben Uzziel, Septuagint, Syriac, and Vulgate, read "according as".
time = appointed time.
Abib . See note on Exodus 13:4 , and App-51 .
Verse 20
redeem . Hebrew. padah. See note on Exodus 6:6 , and Exodus 13:13 .
appear before Me. This is an alteration (in pointing) made by the Sopherim to soften the Figure of speech Anthropopatheia ( App-6 ) of the primitive text, which was "see My face". See note on Exodus 23:15 , and compare the other passages where this change is made, viz. Exodus 34:20 , Exodus 34:23 , Exodus 34:24 .Deuteronomy 16:16 ; Deuteronomy 31:11 .Psalms 11:7 ; Psalms 17:15 ; Psalms 42:2 .Isaiah 1:12 ; Isaiah 38:1 Isaiah 38:1 . In this, therefore, there is no contradiction of Exodus 33:20 .
empty = empty-handed.
Verse 21
earing = ploughing. From A. S. erian, Latin. arare.
Verse 23
Thrice = the number of Divine perfection. ( App-10 .) Lord GOD, the God. Hebrew. the 'Adon, Jehovah Elohim. App-4 .
Verse 24
God. Hebrew. Elohim. App-4 .
Verse 25
offer = slay. Hebrew. zabach. Supply Ellipsis ( App-6 ), "slay [and pour out]". See App-43 .
Verse 27
Write thou. See note on Exodus 17:14 and App-47 .
Verse 28
He = Jehovah. See Exodus 34:1 .
tables . See on Exodus 31:18 .
Two episodes , concluding the ascents and descents preparatory to the other great event of this section (Exodus 15:22 - Exodus 40:38 ), viz. the setting up of the Tabernacle, and the command that none of the work was to be done on the Sabbath.
Verse 29
came down . Moses' sixth and last descent. Compare Exodus 19:3 .
wist not = knew not. Compare Moses: unconscious moral strength for testimony.
Samson : unconscious weakness for unfaithfulness (Judges 16:20 ).
Peter : unconscious deliverance for service (Acts 12:9 ).
shone = radiated, or was glorious, i.e. reflected as a mirror the Divine glory, see 2 Corinthians 3:7 ; and compare 1 Corinthians 15:41 .Revelation 18:1 .Matthew 17:2 .Acts 6:15 . The Vulgate mistook the Hebrew word karan = to radiate, for keren, a beam or horn of light (see Habakkuk 3:4 and note on the subscription to Psalms 21:0 ). Hence the traditional paintings of Moses with two horns.
while , &c. = through his having spoken with him. This interprets 1 John 3:2 . Compare Matthew 17:2 , and the "till " of Exodus 34:33 , and the "until" of Exodus 34:35 .
Verse 30
children = sons. afraid. See Exodus 20:18-21 .
Verse 32
gave them , &c. Charged them with.
Verse 34
went in: i.e. into the tent.
he took the vail off . And, when Israel turns thus to Jehovah, He will take the vail from their heart, as Moses did from his face, 2 Corinthians 3:16 . We, now, are "not as Moses", Exodus 34:13 .
Verse 35
again . So 2 Corinthians 3:13 . Greek = kept putting a vail on his face" (imperfect tense). They could not see "the end of the Law", which is Christ. Romans 10:4 .