a Jesuit, was born at Dortmund, September 11, 1811. In 1834 he joined his order, and received holy orders in 1837. For some time he lectured on rhetoric and philosophy at Freiburg and Brieg,: Switzerland, went to Rome in 1843, where he became professor at the Collegium Germanrcum. He died at St. Anton, in Tyrol, January 14, 1883, leaving, Die Theologie der Vorzeit (Munster, 1853-65, 2 volumes; 2d ed. 1867-73): — Die Philosophie der Vorzeit (1860-63, 2 volumes): — Institutiones Theologicce (1881, volume 1): — Das Evangelium des Matthdus nach seinem inneren Zusammenhang (1882). (B.P.)