Study Desk

At the end of 20 years^(a) during which Solomon had built the Lord 's temple and his own palace—

Solomon had rebuilt the cities Hiram^[a] gave him and settled Israelites there—

Solomon went to Hamath-zobah and seized it.

He built Tadmor in the wilderness along with all the storage cities that he built in Hamath.

He built Upper Beth-horon and Lower Beth-horon^(b)—fortified cities with walls, gates, and bars^(c)—

Baalath, all the storage cities that belonged to Solomon, all the chariot cities, the cavalry cities, and everything Solomon desired to build in Jerusalem, Lebanon, or anywhere else in the land of his dominion.

As for all the peoples who remained of the Hittites, Amorites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites, who were not from Israel^(d)—

their descendants who remained in the land after them, those the Israelites had not completely destroyed—Solomon imposed forced labor on them; it is this way today.^(e)

But Solomon did not consign the Israelites to be slaves for his work; they were soldiers, commanders of his captains, and commanders of his chariots and his cavalry.

These were King Solomon's deputies: 250 who ruled over the people.

Solomon brought the daughter of Pharaoh from the city of David to the house he had built for her,^(f) for he said, "My wife must not live in the house^[b] of David king of Israel because the places the ark of the Lord has come into are holy."

At that time^(g) Solomon offered burnt offerings to the Lord on the Lord 's altar he had made in front of the portico.^(h)

He followed the daily requirement⁽ⁱ⁾ for offerings according to the commandment of Moses^(j) for Sabbaths, New Moons, and the three annual appointed festivals: the Festival of Unleavened Bread, the Festival of Weeks, and the Festival of Booths.^(k)

According to the ordinances of his father David, he appointed the divisions of the priests over their service,^(l) of the Levites over their responsibilities to offer praise and to minister before the priests following the daily requirement,^(m) and of the gatekeepers by their divisions with respect to each gate,⁽ⁿ⁾ for this had been the command of David, the man of God.^(o)

They did not turn aside from the king's command regarding the priests and the Levites concerning any matter or concerning the treasuries.^(p)

All of Solomon's work was carried out from the day the foundation was laid for the Lord 's temple until it was finished. So the Lord 's temple was completed.

At that time^(q) Solomon went to Ezion-geber and to Eloth^(r) on the seashore in the land of Edom.

So Hiram^[c] sent ships to him by his servants along with crews of experienced seamen. They went with Solomon's servants to Ophir, took from there 17 tons^[d] of gold, and delivered it to King Solomon.^(s)

The queen of Sheba heard of Solomon's fame,^(a) so she came to test Solomon with difficult questions at Jerusalem with a very large entourage, with camels bearing spices, gold in abundance, and precious stones. She came to Solomon and spoke with him about everything that was on her mind.

So Solomon answered all her questions; nothing was too difficult for Solomon to explain to her.

When the queen of Sheba observed Solomon's wisdom, the palace he had built,

the food at his table, his servants' residence, his attendants' service and their attire, his cupbearers and their attire, and the burnt offerings he offered at the Lord 's temple, it took her breath away.

She said to the king, "The report I heard in my own country about your words and about your wisdom is true.

But I didn't believe their reports until I came and saw with my own eyes. Indeed, I was not even told half of your great wisdom! You far exceed the report I heard.

How happy are your men.^[a](b) How happy are these servants of yours, who always stand in your presence hearing your wisdom.

May the Lord your God be praised! He delighted in you and put you on His throne as king for the Lord your God.^(c) Because Your God loved Israel enough to establish them forever, He has set you over them as king to carry out justice and righteousness."^(d)

Then she gave the king four and a half tons^[b] of gold, a great quantity of spices, and precious stones. There never were such spices as those the queen of Sheba gave to King Solomon.

In addition, Hiram's servants and Solomon's servants who brought gold from Ophir^(e) also brought algum wood and precious stones.

The king made the algum wood into walkways for the Lord 's temple and for the king's palace and into lyres and harps for the singers. Never before had anything like them been seen in the land of Judah.

King Solomon gave the queen of Sheba her every desire, whatever she asked—far more than she had brought the king. Then she, along with her servants, returned to her own country.

The weight of gold that came to Solomon^(f) annually was 25 tons,^[c]

besides what was brought by the merchants and traders. All the Arabian kings and governors of the land also brought gold and silver to Solomon.

King Solomon made 200 large shields of hammered gold; 15 pounds^[d] of hammered gold went into each shield.

He made 300 small shields of hammered gold; about eight pounds^[e] of gold went into each shield. The king put them in the House of the Forest of Lebanon.^(g)

The king also made a large ivory throne and overlaid it with pure gold.

The throne had six steps; there was a footstool covered in gold for the throne, armrests on either side of the seat, and two lions standing beside the armrests.

Twelve lions were standing there on the six steps, one at each end. Nothing like it had ever been made in any other kingdom.

All of King Solomon's drinking cups were gold, and all the utensils of the House of the Forest of Lebanon were pure gold. There was no silver, since it was considered as nothing in Solomon's time,

for the king's ships kept going to Tarshish^(h) with Hiram's servants, and once every three years the ships of Tarshish would arrive bearing gold, silver, ivory, apes, and peacocks.^[f]

King Solomon surpassed all the kings of the world in riches and wisdom.⁽ⁱ⁾

All the kings of the world wanted an audience with Solomon to hear the wisdom God had put in his heart.

Each of them would bring his own gift—items^[g] of silver and gold, clothing, weapons,^[h][i] spices, and horses and mules—as an annual tribute.

Solomon^(j) had 4,000 stalls for horses and chariots, and 12,000 horsemen.^(k) He stationed them in the chariot cities and with the king in Jerusalem.

He ruled over all the kings from the Euphrates River to the land of the Philistines and as far as the border of Egypt.^(l)

The king made silver as common in Jerusalem as stones, and he made cedar as abundant as sycamore in the Judean foothills.

They were bringing horses for Solomon from Egypt and from all the countries.

The remaining events^(m) of Solomon's reign, from beginning to end, are written in the Events of Nathan the Prophet, the Prophecy of Ahijah the Shilonite, and the Visions of Iddo the Seer concerning Jeroboam son of Nebat.⁽ⁿ⁾

Solomon reigned in Jerusalem over all Israel for 40 years.

Solomon rested with his fathers and was buried in the city of his father David.^(o) His son Rehoboam became king in his place.

Then Rehoboam went to Shechem,^(a) for all Israel had gone to Shechem to make him king.

When Jeroboam son of Nebat heard about it—for he was in Egypt where he had fled from King Solomon's presence—Jeroboam returned from Egypt.^(b)

So they summoned him. Then Jeroboam and all Israel came and spoke to Rehoboam:

"Your father made our yoke difficult. Therefore, lighten your father's harsh service and the heavy yoke he put on us, and we will serve you."

Rehoboam replied, "Return to me in three days." So the people left.

Then King Rehoboam consulted with the elders who had served his father Solomon when he was alive, asking, "How do you advise me to respond to these people?"

They replied, "If you will be kind to these people and please them by speaking kind words to them, they will be your servants forever."

But he rejected the advice of the elders who had advised him, and he consulted with the young men who had grown up with him, the ones serving him.

He asked them, "What message do you advise we send back to these people who said to me, ‘Lighten the yoke your father put on us'?"

Then the young men who had grown up with him told him, "This is what you should say to the people who said to you, ‘Your father made our yoke heavy, but you, make it lighter on us!' This is what you should say to them: ‘My little finger is thicker than my father's loins.^[a]

Now therefore, my father burdened you with a heavy yoke, but I will add to your yoke; my father disciplined you with whips, but I, with barbed whips.'"^[b]

So Jeroboam and all the people came to Rehoboam on the third day, just as the king had ordered, saying, "Return to me on the third day."

Then the king answered them harshly. King Rehoboam rejected the elders' advice

and spoke to them according to the young men's advice, saying, "My father made your yoke heavy,^[c](c) but I will add to it; my father disciplined you with whips, but I, with barbed whips."^[d]

The king did not listen to the people because the turn of events came from God,^(d) in order that the Lord might carry out His word that He had spoken through Ahijah the Shilonite to Jeroboam son of Nebat.^(e)

When^(f) all Israel saw^[e](g) that the king had not listened to them, the people answered the king: What portion do we have in David? We have no inheritance in the son of Jesse. Israel, each man to your tent; David, look after your own house now! So all Israel went to their tents.

But as for the Israelites living in the cities of Judah, Rehoboam reigned over them.

Then King Rehoboam sent Hadoram,^[f](h) who was in charge of the forced labor, but the Israelites stoned him to death. However, King Rehoboam managed to get into his chariot to flee to Jerusalem.

Israel is in rebellion against the house of David until today.