Study Desk

I speak the truth in Christ^(a)—I am not lying; my conscience is testifying to me with the Holy Spirit^[a]—

that I have intense sorrow and continual anguish in my heart.

For I could almost wish^(b) to be cursed^(c) and cut off^[b] from the Messiah for the benefit of my brothers, my own flesh and blood.

They are Israelites,^(d) and to them belong the adoption,^(e) the glory,^(f) the covenants,^(g) the giving of the law,^(h) the temple service,⁽ⁱ⁾ and the promises.^(j)

The ancestors are theirs,^(k) and from them, by physical descent,^[c] came the Messiah,^(l) who is God^(m) over all,⁽ⁿ⁾ praised forever.^[d](o) Amen.

But it is not as though the word of God has failed.^(p) For not all who are descended from Israel are Israel.^(q)

Neither are they all children because they are Abraham's descendants.^[e](r) On the contrary, your offspring will be traced ^[f] through Isaac. ^(s)[g]

That is, it is not the children by physical descent^[h] who are God's children,^(t) but the children of the promise^(u) are considered to be the offspring.

For this is the statement of the promise: At this time I will come, and Sarah will have a son. ^(v)[i]

And not only that,^(w) but also Rebekah received a promise when she became pregnant^[j](x) by one man, our ancestor Isaac.

For though her sons had not been born yet or done anything good or bad, so that God's purpose according to election might stand—^(y)

not from works but from the One who calls—she was told: The older will serve the younger. ^(z)[k]

As it is written: I have loved Jacob, but I have hated Esau. ^(aa)[l]

What should we say then?^(ab) Is there injustice with God?^(ac) Absolutely not!^(ad)

For He tells Moses: I will show mercy to whom I will show mercy, and I will have compassion on whom I will have compassion. ^(ae)[m]

So then it does not depend on human will or effort^[n](af) but on God who shows mercy.^(ag)

For the Scripture tells Pharaoh: I raised you up for this reason so that I may display My power in you and that My name may be proclaimed in all the earth. ^(ah)[o]

So then, He shows mercy to those He wants to, and He hardens those He wants to harden.^(ai)

You will say to me,^(aj) therefore, "Why then does He still find fault?^(ak) For who can resist His will?"^(al)

But who are you, a mere man, to talk back to God?^(am) Will what is formed say to the one who formed it, "Why did you make me like this?"^(an)

Or has the potter no right over the clay,^(ao) to make from the same lump one piece of pottery for honor and another for dishonor?

And what if God, desiring to display His wrath and to make His power known, endured with much patience^(ap) objects of wrath ready for destruction?^(aq)

And what if He did this to make known the riches of His glory^(ar) on objects of mercy^(as) that He prepared beforehand for glory^(at)—

on us, the ones He also called,^(au) not only from the Jews but also from the Gentiles?^(av)

As He also says in Hosea: I will call Not My People, My People, and she who is Unloved, Beloved. ^(aw)[p]

And it will be in the place where they were told, you are not My people, there they will be called sons of the living God. ^(ax)[q]

But Isaiah cries out concerning Israel: Though the number of Israel's sons is like the sand of the sea, ^(ay) only the remnant will be saved; ^(az)

for the Lord will execute His sentence completely and decisively on the earth. ^[r](ba)[s]

And just as Isaiah predicted: If the Lord of Hosts ^[t] had not left us offspring, ^(bb) we would have become like Sodom, and we would have been made like Gomorrah. ^(bc)[u]

What should we say then?^(bd) Gentiles, who did not pursue righteousness, have obtained righteousness—namely the righteousness that comes from faith.^(be)

But Israel, pursuing the law for righteousness,^(bf) has not achieved the righteousness of the law.^[v](bg)

Why is that? Because they did not pursue it by faith, but as if it were by works.^[w] They stumbled over the stumbling stone.^(bh)

As it is written: Look! I am putting a stone in Zion to stumble over and a rock to trip over, yet the one who believes on Him ^(bi) will not be put to shame. ^(bj)[x]

Brothers, my heart's desire and prayer to God concerning them^[a] is for their salvation!

I can testify about them that they have zeal for God,^(a) but not according to knowledge.

Because they disregarded the righteousness from God^(b) and attempted to establish their own righteousness, they have not submitted themselves to God's righteousness.

For Christ is the end^[b] of the law for righteousness^(c) to everyone who believes.^(d)

For Moses writes about the righteousness that is from the law: The one who does these things will live by them. ^(e)[c]

But the righteousness that comes from faith^(f) speaks like this: Do not say in your heart, "Who will go up to heaven?" ^(g)[d] that is, to bring Christ down

or, "Who will go down into the abyss?" ^(h)[e] that is, to bring Christ up from the dead.⁽ⁱ⁾

On the contrary, what does it say? The message is near you, in your mouth and in your heart. ^(j)[f] This is the message of faith that we proclaim:

If you confess with your mouth, "Jesus is Lord,"^(k) and believe in your heart^(l) that God raised Him from the dead,^(m) you will be saved.

One believes with the heart, resulting in righteousness, and one confesses with the mouth, resulting in salvation.

Now the Scripture says, Everyone who believes on Him will not be put to shame, ^(n)[g]

for there is no distinction between Jew and Greek,^(o) since the same Lord^(p) of all^(q) is rich to all who call on Him.

For everyone who calls on the name of the Lord will be saved. ^(r)[h]

But how can they call on Him they have not believed in? And how can they believe without hearing about Him?^(s) And how can they hear without a preacher?^(t)

And how can they preach unless they are sent? As it is written: How beautiful ^[i] are the feet of those ^[j] who announce the gospel of good things! ^(u)[k]

But all did not obey the gospel.^(v) For Isaiah says, Lord, who has believed our message? ^(w)[l]

So faith comes from what is heard,^(x) and what is heard comes through the message about Christ.^[m](y)

But I ask, "Did they not hear?" Yes, they did: Their voice has gone out to all the earth, and their words to the ends of the inhabited world. ^(z)[n]

But I ask, "Did Israel not understand?" First, Moses said: I will make you jealous of those who are not a nation; ^(aa) I will make you angry by a nation that lacks understanding. ^(ab)[o]

And Isaiah says boldly: I was found by those who were not looking for Me; I revealed Myself to those who were not asking for Me. ^(ac)[p]

But to Israel he says: All day long I have spread out My hands to a disobedient and defiant people. ^(ad)[q]