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Choiseul, Duc de

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Dictionaries
1910 New Catholic Dictionary
• Choiseul, Etienne Francois, Duc de
Encyclopedias
The Nuttall Encyclopedia
• Choiseul, Duc de
The Catholic Encyclopedia
• Etienne-François, Duc de Choiseul

Minister of Louis XV.; served his master in various capacities; was rewarded with a peerage; effected many reforms in the army, strengthened the navy, and aided in bringing about the family compact of the Bourbons; exercised a great influence on the politics of Europe; was nicknamed by Catharine of Russia Le Cocher de l'Europe , "the Driver of Europe"; but becoming obnoxious to Mme. du Barry, "in whom he would discern nothing but a wonderfully dizened scarlet woman," was dismissed from the helm of affairs, Louis's "last substantial man" (1719-1795).